The mass of an object never seems to change: a spinning top has the
same weight as a still one. So a “law” was invented: mass is constant,
independent of speed. That “law” is now found to be incorrect. Mass is
found to increase with velocity, but appreciable increases require
velocities near that of light. A true law is: if an object
moves with a speed of less than one hundred miles a second the mass is
constant to within one part in a million. In some such approximate form
this is a correct law. So in practice one might think that the new law
makes no significant difference. Well, yes and no. For ordinary speeds
we can certainly forget it and use the simple constant-mass law as a
good approximation. But for high speeds we are wrong, and the higher the
speed, the more wrong we are.
Finally, and most interesting, philosophically we are completely wrong with the approximate law. Our entire picture of the world has to be altered even though the mass changes only by a little bit. This is a very peculiar thing about the philosophy, or the ideas, behind the laws. Even a very small effect sometimes requires profound changes in our ideas.
- Richard Feynman Lectures on Physics
Finally, and most interesting, philosophically we are completely wrong with the approximate law. Our entire picture of the world has to be altered even though the mass changes only by a little bit. This is a very peculiar thing about the philosophy, or the ideas, behind the laws. Even a very small effect sometimes requires profound changes in our ideas.
- Richard Feynman Lectures on Physics
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